A New Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) Controller Realization by Using Current Conveyor

In process control industry, the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are one of the most important control elements. In practice, operational amplifiers are generally used in analog controllers. On the other hand, current-mode (CM) circuits such as second-generation current conveyors (CCII) have considerable attention due to their wider frequency band, lower power consumption, better linearity and stability properties compared to their voltage-mode counterparts, operational amplifiers. The purpose of this study is to present a synthesis procedure for the realization of analog PID controller by the use of CCIIs. All the PID controller circuits realizations employ only grounded passive components, and do not require passive element matching so the circuits are suitable for integration.